Geological soil research

Geological Soil Studies

Conducting geological soil studies for construction purposes. Stages of work at different phases, a list of procedures, and features of the information provided in the technical report.

At the pre-project stage of construction, it is crucial to collect the most reliable information about the site where the construction is planned. Experts in Uzbekistan possess highly accurate equipment and extensive experience. This enables them to perform tasks set by the client promptly and with high accuracy in results.

Despite the trend of reducing construction costs, cutting corners on engineering and geological studies is absolutely inadvisable. The results of these studies affect the calculation of the foundation, the choice of materials and their types, as well as several operational characteristics: soil settlement, building foundation stability, resistance to geological changes, reliability, durability, and safety.

Engineering Geology for Site Investigation

At the first stage of research, reconnaissance is conducted on the future construction site to perform a visual inspection and determine where soil samples need to be taken. Key factors include the size of the area to be studied and the anticipated geological complexity of the investigation.

In the next stage, specialists conduct a comprehensive site study (fieldwork). This stage requires drilling boreholes, the number of which depends on the features of the planned building, site characteristics, technical specifications, and client requirements.

During the field research phase, specialists conduct the following geological tests:

  • Soil probing (dynamic or static);
  • Pressiometry (determining the resistance to compressive forces);
  • Geophysical analysis of soil layer heterogeneity;
  • Drilling boreholes to collect samples;
  • Geological soil testing using stamps.

After laboratory testing of the collected samples, a technical report is compiled with information about geological studies and soil analysis for construction. This document serves as the basis for choosing the type of foundation and base for the designed structure.

Conducting Engineering and Geological Surveys

In some cases, it is necessary to conduct geophysical studies of the soil at the site, especially in densely developed areas where geological surveys are not feasible.

Engineering geophysics, aimed at studying underground soil layers, is used in the construction of:

  • Roads and road infrastructure (bridges, tunnels, interchanges);
  • Linear engineering structures (utilities, gas pipelines, oil pipelines);
  • Residential multi-story buildings, cottage communities, office, and public buildings;
  • Sports complexes, Olympic stadiums, ice palaces;
  • Shopping and entertainment centers, market, and warehouse facilities;
  • Industrial engineering objects and production technical structures.

The task of geological engineers is to determine the physical and mechanical properties of soils and assess the hydrogeological and hydrometeorological conditions of the area. The groundwater level can pose a risk to building foundations, causing adverse effects such as flooding and creating additional conditions for soil swelling during freezing temperatures. Such features must be considered during the design of building foundations, and appropriate measures should be taken promptly.

Technical Report on Geological Soil Testing

In the final document prepared after the completion of engineering and geological surveys, the client can find information about the soil composition (geological section), laboratory analysis results (soil porosity, moisture content, plasticity), freezing depth, groundwater levels, and physical and mechanical characteristics.

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